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Independent research in progress

Designing for different ways of sensing.

TIO2 Inc. studies how autism and broader neurodiversity intersect with food experiences, sensory processing, interface color, websites, applications, and adaptive artificial intelligence.

Evidence boundary: This page describes active questions and design directions. It does not present early ideas as medical findings or replace clinical guidance.

Current inquiry areas

Each area begins with a practical question: how can digital systems reduce unnecessary sensory and cognitive load while preserving clarity, choice, and personal control?

01 / FOOD

Autism, food, and sensory experience

Exploring how texture, smell, temperature, predictability, presentation, and the surrounding environment may shape food experiences for autistic people.

Questions being examined

  • How can food-planning tools describe sensory qualities more clearly?
  • Can predictable visual steps reduce uncertainty around meals?
  • How should an interface support preferences without labeling them as failures?
02 / DIGITAL SENSORY LOAD

Autism and sensory processing on the web

Studying how motion, sound, density, interruption, time pressure, unclear instructions, and unexpected changes can affect the use of websites and applications.

Questions being examined

  • Which user controls should be available before sensory load becomes a barrier?
  • How can interfaces remain calm without becoming visually empty?
  • What makes navigation feel predictable across pages and devices?
03 / COLOR + INTERFACES

Neurodiversity, sensory processing, and color theory

Examining color as one part of a larger sensory system. Hue alone does not determine comfort; saturation, contrast, brightness, context, screen conditions, and personal preference also matter.

Questions being examined

  • How can color support hierarchy without becoming the only signal?
  • When should users be able to lower contrast or saturation?
  • How do color, spacing, type, and motion interact as one experience?
04 / ADAPTIVE AI

Autism and AI-adaptive web use

Exploring transparent AI systems that could adapt density, language, motion, pacing, and task guidance to user-selected needs—without diagnosing the user or taking control away.

Questions being examined

  • Can every adaptation be explained, reversed, and adjusted?
  • What information is truly necessary, and what should remain private?
  • How can adaptation support autonomy instead of enforcing a single “normal” experience?

How evidence will be labeled

Clear labels prevent a personal observation, design hypothesis, prototype result, and peer-reviewed finding from being treated as if they carry the same level of evidence.

Published evidence

What research already supports

Claims traced to identifiable peer-reviewed or authoritative sources.

Lived experience

What people report

First-person experience presented with context, not generalized to everyone.

Hypothesis

What still needs testing

A proposed relationship or design direction that is not yet a finding.

Prototype result

What a test showed

A documented outcome with its method, limitations, and next question.

Research and design principles

The goal is not to create one interface for every neurodivergent person. The goal is to design systems that acknowledge variation and give people meaningful control.

  1. Lived experience firstInclude autistic and neurodivergent perspectives as knowledge, not decoration.
  2. User controlMake adaptations optional, understandable, reversible, and easy to reset.
  3. No single sensory profileAvoid treating one person’s comfort settings as a universal rule.
  4. Privacy by restraintCollect less information and do not infer a diagnosis from behavior.
  5. Transparent AIExplain why a change was suggested and keep a human decision-maker involved.
  6. Document limitationsState what was tested, who was included, and what remains unknown.

Contribute a perspective or propose a study.

TIO2 Inc. is open to thoughtful collaboration with autistic and neurodivergent people, caregivers, educators, designers, technologists, researchers, organizations, and brands working on related questions.